Wine doesn’t have to be expensive to be good!
And my perspective on the "Bordeaux Paradox"
and its "illogical logic" within its pricing strategy...
Ok, granted, these wines (in the picture above) are not cheap, as they cost between HK$335 and HK$650 (about 38-75 euros), which makes them expensive for most people. But you get what I'm trying to say.
People always think that the more expensive a wine is, the better it is! In theory, yes, it should be. In reality, that is not always the case. In fact, I have tasted plenty of wines in my career that were way too expensive for the poor quality they offer, despite their history, name, appellation, pedigree, and/or rank.
There's no real point in naming names or blaming anyone. Still, I've tasted wines that are supposedly worth thousands of dollars or euros, whose names alone suggest luxury, custom craftsmanship, limited production, and excellence in the glass. Yet, they weren't that good.
A well-known name, pedigree, rank, or classification doesn't necessarily mean the wine is good, especially in lesser vintages.
In Burgundy, the vineyards' classification (Village, 1er Cru, Grand Cru) does determine a certain standard of quality, that's true. However, the expertise and techniques used by winemakers can vary greatly, which is why two wines from the same Premier Cru or even Grand Cru vineyard, but made by two different winemakers or domaines, can taste completely different. One may taste much better than the other, and it might not cost more. Domaine's name, reputation, history, and high demand usually command high prices, but the wine may not be worth that much when tasting it! (Writing these lines, a few examples came to my mind right away, but I won't tell to prevent extended argumentation).
In Bordeaux, the same is true: some 3rd, 4th, and 5th Growths surpass the quality of certain 1er and 2nd Cru Grands Crus. Château Palmer, for example, which is a 3rd growth, often outperforms some 1st and 2nd growths in certain years. Château Pontet Canet, a 5th growth, is another excellent example; it offers fantastic value for money compared to many of the other châteaux ranked above it.
My advice is to never assume a wine's quality until you have tasted it yourself and evaluated it based on your palate. Never let the name, reputation, history, classification, rank, pedigree, scores, medals, stars, or price influence your judgment. If possible, taste it first and decide whether it is really worth the asking price.
As I often point out, during my years as a Store manager and wine buyer for niche retailers in New York (2002-2011), I learned to buy like an American, meaning, give me the best vintages at the best prices! I learned how to negotiate prices and, more importantly, how to say "NO" when I did not like the wine and/or the price was too high!
My other advice as a buyer is always to focus on the best vintages first, the wines that offer immediate pleasure and satisfaction. Know what you can sell and how many you can realistically sell within a three-month period to maximize your profit and turnover. This approach will help you renew your stock and enable you to propose and offer different wines based on the season, demand, and market trends.
The market and consumers' habits have changed; people no longer have time to listen to your explanations about why the wine is good. The wine needs to speak for itself, and the price needs to reflect its quality.
I find it very frustrating when sommeliers in restaurants offer lesser vintages of classified growths or Grand Cru. It is understandable because they mark them up highly (even if the price seems lower than better vintages), and at the same time, it gives you the impression that you can access and taste these wines. However, some of these wines in lesser vintages are not always worth the asking prices.
For example, if you see a Petrus or Lafite from a 2011 or 2013 vintage, those vintages are not good, and I can tell you from my own experience that they are not worth it. As mentioned above, a well-known name, pedigree, rank, or classification doesn't necessarily mean the wine is good, especially in lesser vintages. There's no reason to spend money on wines that may disappoint you, especially if you bought them to impress or please your guests, as they might be disappointed by both the wine and your poor choice.
January 2025 Market Report - Liv-ex - Courtesy of Liv-Ex
Fine wine prices have gradually yet significantly increased over the past 25 years. Although they dropped to their lowest point since late 2015 to early 2016 around March-April 2020, they quickly rose again, reaching their peak in 2022. This followed a wave of price hikes in the 4 or 5 vintages before, with a 28.5% increase between February 2020 and February 2022.
In Burgundy, prices increased because of strong demand for limited-production (on average approximately 10,000 to 12,000 bottles per year per Domaine), high-end wines, which is understandable and somewhat justified, even if it’s a bit painful for your wallet.
While in Bordeaux, where production per Château is much higher (on average around 100,000 to 140,000 bottles per year per Château), prices usually increase from one year to the next, based on the quality of the previous vintage rather than the wines' intrinsic quality.
For example, if the quality of the last vintage was poor, obviously, the price of the current vintage will go up.
It might seem logical, if you keep your prices within a certain range—for example, if your wine is worth $100 in a normal year, you might lower it to $80 in a lesser year, and raise it to $120 in a better year, maybe up to $150 in exceptional years.
And it seems fair if, despite inflation, you try to maintain your prices within this range to ensure consistency and avoid confusing and upsetting your clients with a roller-coaster of incoherent prices.
Unfortunately, the problem in Bordeaux is that they rarely follow that logic and even more rarely maintain prices within a certain range, as prices seldom decrease and tend to increase year after year (as we witnessed in recent years).
Let's take a concrete example with Château Lafite Rothschild, as the prices of the first growths are usually the reference or benchmark for the rest of the Haut-Médoc appellations (and, to a certain extent, for Bordeaux Top 500 wines in general).
Since a visual is worth a thousand words, I made this table below to help you see at a glance the price differences (based on the En Primeur Release Price Ex-Negociant) from one vintage to the next, along with the percentage changes (increase or decrease) compared to the previous vintage, across 22 years (2003 to 2024).
Chateau Lafite-Rothschild En Primeur Ex-Negociant prices comparison 2003 to 2024
And yet, to fully comprehend why, we need to put things back into context with a bit of history.
In the early 2000s, Lafite Rothschild (and Bordeaux in general) was in favor and therefore in high demand in the Chinese market, which significantly influenced the rise in Bordeaux prices. Cases of Bordeaux often served as gifts or money of exchange against favors (e.g., "If you do this for me, I'll give you 10 cases of Lafite Rothschild.").
And at that time, it was working really well for both parties, as Château Lafite Rothschild was in such high demand in China (and Asia in general) that its increasing value over time ensured a good deal of money was earned (or saved) for both.
And the Bordelais surfed on that wave for a good decade before things turned sour, when the current President of China, Xi Jinping, assumed the role of General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Central Committee, and launch a far-reaching anti-corruption campaign in China following the conclusion of the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 2012.
This anti-corruption campaign reached its full power when Xi Jinping became President of China in March 2013. It ended more than a decade of wine corruption, bribery, and payments in "pot de vin". And with it came the downfall of Bordeaux wines.
Now that we have things more in context, and before we get further into the decline of Bordeaux, let's go through some of the most obvious disparities in the table above to explain their causes or find a logical basis for the pricing.
1. Price between Lafite Rothschild 2005 and 2006 vintages
There is a difference between the prices of the 2005 vintage (141 Euros) and the 2006 vintage (270 Euros), which is quite strange, as (interestingly enough), the 2005 vintage is considered, for Lafite (and Bordeaux in general), a better vintage than 2006.
Therefore, 2006 should have been released at a lower price rather than at a 47.8% increase. It does not make sense, but here is why such a difference occurred.
The 2006 Lafite-Rothschild was released at a higher price than the 2005 because the 2006 was priced not based on the vintage's quality (particularly compared to the previous vintage), but on expectations of a strong market and high demand, partly driven by the immense success of the 2005 vintage and the growing influence of Asian buyers, even though many considered 2005 the superior vintage.
Although 2005 was considered a "super-vintage," its high initial prices and subsequent market boom established a new price standard for future top-quality vintages, including 2006, especially given the rising "Lafite premium" in Asia.
2. Price between Lafite Rothschild 2005 and 2007 vintages
Logically, since 2007 was a lower-quality vintage than 2006, its release price (240 Euros) was lower than that of the 2006 vintage (270 Euros).
However, following the "illogical logic" of Bordeaux pricing, even though 2007 was of much lower quality than 2005, its release price of 240 Euros was much higher than 2005's at 141 Euros. This makes no sense at all! The 2007 price should have been lower than the 2005 price!
But that is the core issue of the "Bordeaux Paradox": prices are based on the previous vintage, market expectations, and demand (not supply, as most Top 500 Bordeaux Chateaux produce a large number of bottles, ranging from 240,000 to 400,000 bottles annually).
So, following their logic, the price of 2006 (270 Euros) was so high compared to 2005 (141 Euros) that it did not make sense for them to lower the release price of 2007 below 200 Euros, even if the quality of 2007 was much inferior to 2005. Go figure!
Chateau Lafite-Rothschild 2008 engraved bottle
with the vintage and the Chinese symbol for the number 8
3. Price between Lafite Rothschild 2007 and 2008 vintages
That leads us to the next disparity: the considerable gap between the En Primeur Ex-Négociant price for 2007 (240 euros) and for 2008 (695 euros).
Even if the 2008 vintage was of much higher quality than the 2007 vintage, this generally doesn't justify a 445 Euro price difference between the two vintages, even in Bordeaux. So, what actually happened?
The release price of Château Lafite 2008 was very high due to several factors, including a strong Robert Parker score (98/100), its potential to be considered the wine of the vintage, and a strategic marketing shift by the château targeting the Chinese market's belief that the number 8 brings good luck. The chateau added an engraved Chinese symbol for the number 8 to the bottle (see picture above), which caused prices to rise sharply as demand from Asia was very strong, even though the vintage was good but not as good as 2005, 2006, or 2009, which are considered of superior quality in Bordeaux.
Basically, the high price difference was due to a gimmicky marketing stunt to make more money and capitalize on a cultural belief. Not very ethical... Yet, it was a very successful stunt in China!
And, in my true and honest opinion, that's when Lafite Rothschild (and those who followed that trend in Bordeaux at the time) shot themselves in the foot. It was the beginning of the end! Although sales were outstanding in China (and Asia in general), the pill had been much more difficult to swallow in Europe and the US.
Imagine explaining to your European and American clients that 3 years earlier, they paid around 200 Euros (retail price) for a 2005 vintage, and now they have to pay around 800 Euros (retail price) for a bottle of the 2008 vintage, which is not even considered as good as the 2005? How to explain a 600 euros difference for a lesser vintage? How do you want them to understand? Impossible!
4. Price between Lafite Rothschild 2008 and 2009 vintages
After making a considerable profit on the 2008 vintage at 695 Euros per bottle (En Primeur Release price Ex-Negociant), they reduced the price of their 2009 vintage to 550 Euros, a 26.4% decrease from the 2008 price, even though 2009 is actually a much better vintage than 2008.
However, due to the significant price increase of the 2008 vintage and because 2009 is a much better vintage than 2007, they couldn't lower the price of the 2009 vintage too much and go back below 300 Euros. Instead, they priced it at 550 Euros, a staggering increase of 74.4% compared to the 2005 vintage at 141 Euros a bottle, 50.9% more than the 2006 vintage at 270 Euros a bottle, and 56.4% more than the 2007 vintage at 240 Euros a bottle.
5. Price between Lafite Rothschild 2009 and 2010 vintages
Surfing on the wave of the 2008 vintage at 695 Euros, and having slightly lowered the price of the 2009 to 550 Euros (a 26.4% decrease), following their "illogical logic", they increased the price of the 2010 vintage to 600 Euros per bottle, a slight increase of 8.3% compared to 2009, but still, was it really justified?
The 2009 Lafite is known for its richness, fleshiness, and immediate appeal, while the 2010 is more classic, structured, and masculine, with notable freshness and excellent aging potential. Some experts say the 2010 is a more traditional and potentially longer-lasting wine, whereas the 2009 offers more immediate, hedonistic pleasure. But ultimately, neither vintage is definitively "better" than the other; it depends on personal preference.
So, is the increase due to the scores? No, that's not even the case, as overall, 2009 received similar to better scores from the critics and the press. JS 100, RP 99, WS 98, and Decanter 19 for the 2009 vintage, compared to JS 100, RP 98, NM 99+, and Falstaff 97 for the 2010 vintage.
LeDomduVin - Theory of the Decades for Bordeaux Vintages - Chart from 1900 - 2024
6. The cursed vintage and the price's downfall
As I have mentioned many times in numerous posts on this blog (since it's a recurring subject!), every decade Bordeaux claims to have produced yet another "vintage of the century." However, the problem is that this happens 2 or 3 times each decade!!!
However, the flip side is that Bordeaux also has cursed vintages that, according to my "Theory of the Decades for Bordeaux Vintages," recur every decade (see the chart in the picture above). If interested, you can read about it here.
To resume it, the theory is based on the fact that if you take the region of Bordeaux as a whole, all appellations combined (because, of course, if you take each appellation and area respectively, case by case, the theory does not work), and look at the quality of the vintages in each decade since the 1940s (see chart above), you can clearly see that there is some sort of a recuring pattern.
Almost as if each decade perfectly mirrors the one before, like a recurring cycle resetting every 10 years. This suggests we could predict the quality of the next vintage. Don't believe me? Just look at the chart again. Do you see what I mean? When I created that chart, it was too early to tell how the 2025 vintages would turn out. Yet, just a few months after I made the chart, the 2025 harvest confirmed the vintage's excellent quality, further supporting the theory.
The vintages ending in 0, 5, and 9 are usually the best, followed by those ending in 6 and 8, which are typically great to very good. On the other end, the vintages ending in 2 and 3 can occasionally be very good, but are mostly good to fair. In contrast, those ending in 1, 4, and 7 are usually fair to mediocre (typically green, tannic, austere, and tight, with poor fruit, more "traditional," as they say in Bordeaux).
My theory terribly annoys the Bordelais every time I mention it. However, the chart is clear: Bordeaux produces about 2-3 great vintages, 2-3 good ones, and 4 to 5 fair to mediocre vintages per decade. So roughly 50/50. And that's precisely what happened in the 2010s.
Following the highly profitable run of the three great-to-excellent vintages, 2008, 2009, and 2010, came the unfortunate vintages 2011, 12, 13, and 14. Due to the poor quality of these vintages, Bordeaux had no choice but to significantly lower their prices once again.
2011 came out at 420 euros, a 42.9% decrease compared to the 2010 vintage, then 2012 at 335 Euros, and 2013 & 2014 at 288 Euros, prices similar to those ten years earlier.
Aside from the poor quality of these vintages, one reason for this significant price drop was that the soaring prices of 2008, 2009, and 2010 had become so inflated that they no longer made sense. Prices had to fall, and the Bordelais had to come to terms with the fact that, after this series of highly profitable vintages, they needed to readjust.
The other primary reason for this significant price drop was, as mentioned earlier, the arrival of President Xi Jinping and the full implementation of his anti-corruption campaign in 2013.
Before his arrival, in 2013, when Europeans and Americans were not so keen on buying much of the poor vintages, the Bordelais still had the option to sell (dump, should I say) their wines to the Chinese (and Asia in general).
And that's what happened. Despite the poor quality of these vintages, the Chinese bought tons of Bordeaux En Primeur 2011, 2012, and 2013, probably also because of the low prices, which were more than 40% lower than those of the previous vintages. They were surely convinced that the value would increase over time, making them still good "pot de vin" for the businesses.
However, the Chinese anti-corruption campaign greatly affected Bordeaux wine, leading to a sharp drop in exports to China by reducing extravagant official spending on high-end gifts and banquets. This caused demand for luxury wines to decrease, prices to fall, and Bordeaux producers to shift their focus to the middle-range market. The campaign also revealed the misuse of government funds used for investing in French vineyards, which resulted in the confiscation of some Chinese-owned chateaux.
As a result, between 2013 and 2014, Bordeaux wine exports to mainland China fell sharply, with one period seeing a 26% drop in value and a 25% drop in volume. Due to lower demand, prices for high-end Bordeaux wines slid, and the market for premium wines cooled significantly. The downturn prompted Bordeaux producers to adjust their prices and strategy, focusing more on the middle-market segment to appeal to a broader consumer base and marketing the wines as "affordable luxury". The campaign also affected Chinese investment in Bordeaux, with some vineyards being sold back to French investors after their Chinese owners were convicted of corruption.
Another reason for the price drop was counterfeiting. The issue of fake Bordeaux wines circulating in the Chinese market, exacerbated by the surge in prices following the 2008 vintage, also dampened consumer confidence and contributed to lower sales.
The last reason, but not the least, was that the Chinese economy's slowdown in the 2010s also played a role, leading consumers and officials alike to tighten their spending.
These vintages from 2011, 2012, 2013, and even 2014 were considered cursed, as no one wanted them anymore, and countless unsold pallets filled the warehouses of most Chinese importers and distributors alike, with only minimal sales in the following years. A situation that exacerbated the growing phenomenon of "Bordeaux bashing" in China and around the world.
7. Price between Lafite Rothschild 2014 and 2015 vintages
And despite everything, the 2015 vintage arrived, and (as expected according to my theory 😉) it was a great one. After four unsuccessful vintages and significant price drops, Bordeaux needed cash flow and had no choice but to raise the price of the 2015 to recover the lost profits and sales from recent years.
The release price for the 2015 vintage was 420 Euros, a 31.4% increase from the 2014 vintage (288 Euros).
There they go again: how do you explain to your clients who paid around 300 euros or less for the past 3-4 vintages that they will suddenly have to pay 120 euros more per bottle?
8. Price between Lafite Rothschild 2015, 2016, and 2017 vintages
The 2015 vintage at 420 Euros set a new standard. Many experts believed the 2016 vintage was better than the 2015, describing it as more powerful, more balanced, and having greater aging potential. As a result, Lafite priced it at 455 Euros, reflecting a reasonable and understandable increase of 7.7%.
Then the 2017 vintage arrived, and despite being challenging due to spring frosts, Lafite still produced a decent wine praised for its elegance, balance, and complex aromatic profile. However, it was not as good as the 2015 vintage, which also received much higher scores. Still, the 2017 vintage was priced the same as the 2015, at 420 Euros.
This was a disappointing mistake because market expectations for the 2017 vintage were much lower than for the 2015 vintage, so the price should have been significantly lower, around 350 Euros instead (in my opinion).
Yet, that is the core of the "Bordeaux paradox" I mentioned earlier: top-tier Bordeaux wines are not priced based on the wine's intrinsic qualities but on scores and, eventually, the vintage's quality, which is wrong and confusing for both buyers and consumers.
How do you want to explain to your customers that they have to pay the same price for a great vintage as for a lesser one?
9. Price between Lafite Rothschild 2018, 2019, and 2020 vintages. The trilogy returns!
As it seems to happen at the end of every decade since the 1980s (see my theory's chart above), the last two vintages of the 2010s and the first vintage of the 2020s were excellent, just like 1988,1989, and 1990; then 1998, 1999, and 2000; then 2008, 2009, and 2010- before them. (It's a recurring pattern, I'm telling you!).
Having probably learned from their previous mistakes, they priced the 2018 and 2020 vintages at 470 euros and 475 euros, respectively, just a few % increase over the 2016 vintage, which was, for once, a good strategy.
Yet, strangely enough, they priced the 2019 vintage at 396 Euros, while 2019 received better scores and press coverage than 2020.
- Lafite-Rothschild 2018: JS 100, RP 100 & JA 97
- Lafite-Rothschild 2019: JS 100, RP 100 & JA 99-100
- Lafite-Rothschild 2020: JS 96-98, RP 94 & JA 97
Again, this proves my point about the "Bordeaux Paradox" and its "illogical logic" regarding the incoherent pricing strategy of Top-tier Bordeaux wines.
10. The terrible pricing strategy of the 2021 vintage.
And when it comes to the "Bordeaux Paradox" and its "illogical logic" regarding the inconsistent pricing strategy, 2021 is undoubtedly one of the best examples from the past 20 years, along with 2017 and 2019.
In late 2019 and early 2020, COVID-19 was spreading rapidly worldwide. As China, the US, and Europe's unsold stock from 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014 finally began to diminish slightly, the trilogy of 2018, 2019, and the upcoming 2020 created a bottleneck.
The market struggled to keep pace, and Bordeaux sales, along with wine sales in general, were dropping sharply due to various factors such as political and geopolitical issues, global economic and financial problems, inflation, wars, shifts in habits and consumption patterns over generations, increasing health concerns, and major anti-alcohol campaigns including wine, all against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic.
But for a short while, the pandemic reversed the decline in wine sales. As the world came to a stop, with strict restrictions in many countries, most people were confined to their homes and working remotely to prevent further spread. People spent more time at home and had more time for themselves. This situation led to an increase in alcohol consumption worldwide.
In 2020 and 2021, most food and wine importers and distributors around the world saw a significant rise in sales during the pandemic, mainly because of a major shift toward at-home consumption and the growth of e-commerce and delivery services after the closure of on-premise venues like restaurants and bars, as well as some off-premise locations.
I'm not sure if the rise in sales in 2020 and 2021 influenced the pricing strategy for the 2021 vintage—perhaps the chateaux thought they might risk it, believing the trend could continue into 2022. However, in my opinion, Lafite (and many other Bordeaux chateaux) made a big mistake by releasing their 2021 vintage at almost the same price as their 2020 vintage—€475 for 2020 and €470 for 2021—matching their 2018 price and exceeding their 2019 price, even though 2021 was not as good a vintage as 2018, 2019, or 2020.
Once again, Lafite and most top-tier chateaux in Bordeaux set their prices based on market trends and the release price of their previous vintage, rather than the wine's intrinsic quality. Even the scores for Lafite 2021 are lower than those for 2018, 2019, and 2020, and therefore don't even justify such a high price. Moreover, market expectations were leaning toward low prices for this particular vintage following a trilogy of highly profitable vintages (again).
I've mentioned it before, but I'll say it again: "Bordeaux never learns from its mistakes!" It has been riding a very profitable wave for nearly 20 years (since the mid-2000s), raising its prices and probably believing its status and reputation will be enough to sustain it for many more years. However, starting in 2020, a combination of factors—such as the pandemic, "Bordeaux bashing," overproduction, rising prices, inflation, tariffs, growing health concerns, and changing consumption habits among younger generations—gradually brought this prosperous era to an end.
11. Then came the price of the 2022 vintage during the En Primeur in 2023
In this uncertain world climate and amid declining sales of recent vintages, despite the furtive surge in sales in 2020 and 2021 due to the pandemic, it would have been wise to be conservative with the price of the 2022 vintage. Don't you think? Well, obviously, that is not what Bordeaux had in mind.
Maybe they aimed to capitalize on the vintage's quality and the high ratings the wines received, which makes sense since 2022 is an excellent vintage in Bordeaux, especially compared to 2021. However, instead of keeping the release price below or around 500 Euros, which was the new benchmark based on the 2018, 2020, and, unjustifiably, the 2021 vintage, Lafite raised the price to 580 euros for the 2022 vintage!!!
110 euros more than 2018 and 2020! How? Why? How to justify such an increase?
In 2023, the French government, in partnership with the "Conseil Interprofessionnel du Vin de Bordeaux," or CIVB, the Bordeaux wine bureau, launched a campaign for Bordeaux to actively uproot thousands of acres of vines, known as "grubbing up," through a government-funded initiative to address massive overproduction, declining sales, and market imbalance. The program offered growers financial aid (around €6,000 per hectare) to shift to other crops or produce higher quality, smaller-volume wines. This necessary but challenging adjustment to climate change and changing consumer preferences aimed to stabilize the market.
So, despite the top chateaux, most producers in Bordeaux were battling an overproduction crisis, with several vintages of unsold stocks piling up in their cellars, declining sales, and financial pressure. This led many producers to uproot their vines, sell their unsold stocks cheaply to other estates or to distilleries, some had to declare bankruptcy, and some even took their own lives. And surprisingly, despite this sad and chaotic situation, most top-tier Bordeaux estates raised their prices for the 2022 vintage... Go figure!
As we say in French, "It was the last drop of water that made the vase overflow!" or as they say in English, "It was the straw that broke the camel's back!" From that moment on, everything went downhill!
***********work in, unjustifiably,******
And conse, unjustifiably,arket has shifted recently from premium wines to more affordable bottles. Wines costing around HK$100 or less (about 12 Euros) have gained popularity.
Yet, here in Hong Kong, the average cost of a mid-range bottle of wine is about HK$120 (roughly 13.5 Euros), with prices usually between HK$80 and HK$200 (approximately 9-23 Euros).
And, yet again, for a good-quality bottle of red table wine, most people are willing to spend between HK$250 and HK$350 (about 28-40 Euros), up to HK$500 or more (around 56 Euros) for special occasions.
Therefore, I admit these wines are not the cheapest, but they offer very good value for wines under 75 Euros. Especially when compared to the wines I usually serve at private and corporate dinners and events, which typically range from HK$1000 to HK$3000 (about 112-335 Euros).
*******work in progress*******
Thierry Germain Domaine des Roches Neuves Saumur-Champigny Franc de Pied Loire Valley 2016
Château Cantemerle Haut-Médoc Bordeaux 2010
Domaine Jean-Louis Chave Saint-Joseph Rhône Valley 2021
*******work in progress*******
Cheers ! Santé !
Dom
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